The Internet Archive Preserves The Live Web - 1461 Words

The Internet archive preserves the live web by saving snapshots of the websites made with a specific date which can be browsed or searched for various reasons. Its object is to save the whole web without being in favor of a specific lan- guage, domain or geographical location. The importance of archiving made it important to check its coverage. In this paper, we try to determine how well Arabic websites are archived and indexed, and if the number of archived and indexed websites is affected by by country code top level domain, geographic location, creation date and depth. We also crawled for Arabic hyperlinks and checked its archiving and indexing. We sampled 15092 unique URIs from three different Arabic website directories; DMOZ†¦show more content†¦Third, we found that websites with Arabic country code top level domain or Arabic geographical Internet protocol location were archived and indexed more than websites that don’t. Fourth, we found that only 34% of the URIs with depth more than one were indexed. 1. INTRODUCTION Arabic Language is the fourth largest language on the Internet, it comes after English, Chines and Spanish. Arabic Internet users have grown rapidly, in the year of 2009 17% of Arabic speaker use the Internet and at 2013 almost 36% of Arabic speakers use the Internet. Now, almost 135.6 million Arabic users are on the Internet [1]. As the Web grows quickly and at the same time pages are disappearing the need for archiving is becoming more important [3]. Web pages need to be preserved for the future cul- tural data mining. Archiving the Internet is becoming very important and several numbers of institutions have created archives to preserve websites. However, to our knowledge we could not find any Arabic institute that specializes in collecting and preserving Arabic web pages. This growth in users of Arabic web pages requires some statistical overview of Arabic websites that exist in the live web, how far do they exist, how much of it is archived and how well are they archived. To answer those

The National Communication Structure And Media Of South...

Analysis of the national communication structure and media of South Africa The media plays a very important role in today’s society. The media keeps the society informed of daily happenings, educates people, enhances democracy, etc. In the African context, media has played a vital role in the creation of democracy. According to an article by Joseph Matumaini, the African media took on a new configuration in the 1990s due to the increased demand for multi-party democracy (1). This time was also marked by increased cry for privatization of the media. In South Africa, media was perceived as a tool to fight apartheid evils in the efforts to creating a democratic nation. However, this has proven difficult since the 1994 elections. The South African government among other African countries has been in a vibrant war with the national media over freedom of expression, with President Jacob Zuma using different tactics to protect his malpractices. In line with this, this paper analyzes the national communication structure and media of South Africa from the apa rtheid error to present. South Africa is a home to the vibrant media landscape. The organizations advocating for press freedom have actively from past been pushing back against government encroachment on rights enjoyed by the media. In effect, the media has gained a certain degree of freedom, paving the way to create a democratic nation. In the 1980s, through anti-apartheid newspapers financed by international donors, the mediaShow MoreRelatedSoul City Television Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesentertainment function (Yach, 1992). This is a South African television series that was started in the early nineties. It also has, this television series reflects the social and improvement challenges looked by poor groups all over the place. It meshes wellbeing and social issues into genuine stories for the huge number of individuals who have developed to put stock in the capable messages of this extremely famous program. It is set in an imaginary city in South Africa called soul city whereby we find manyRead MoreTh e Interconnected Nature of Media, Culture and Society Essay example1672 Words   |  7 Pagesof the media in the everyday lives of people and on the structure of society and the nature of culture is emphasised. This essay focuses on how the media influences culture and society as well as it explores the issues relating to the media and how the media benefits individuals and the world. However this essay also criticizes the media as it has various negative effects on the world. It’s almost impossible these days to have a conversation that doesn’t involve the world of social media. In theRead MoreAmbassadors in Pinstripes Essays826 Words   |  4 Pagespopularize America’s â€Å"national game† abroad. Spalding’s world tour mission was to send two teams of professional well known players to Australia, Ceylon, Egypt, Europe, and the surrounding areas. His marketing techniques and goals for his all American team to play worldwide was a model for many industries seeking to establish abroad relations. Sports participation also provides a common ground and is a way to unite without discrimination, such as the warring people of South Africa during the ApartheidRead MoreApartheid: Theory and Practice During the Apartheid era the international media that highlighted1300 Words   |  6 PagesApartheid: Theory and Practice During the Apartheid era the international media that highlighted the unsteady political situation in the country, stressing the political violence and unsteadiness that South Africans had suffered often depicted South -Africa rather pessimistically. Since the end of the Apartheid policy of racial segregation and with the formation of a new government of national unity, South Africans have sought to build a new, multi-cultural or rainbow nation where the skin colorRead MoreGlobal Business Cultural Analysis: South Africa6982 Words   |  28 PagesRunning head: GBCA – SOUTH AFRICA 1 Global Business Cultural Analysis: South Africa Raymond J. Landis BUSI 604-D06 LUO – International Business Professor – Dr. Stephen P. Preacher Liberty University May 13, 2011 GBCA – SOUTH AFRICA Abstract This paper will endeavor to form a comprehensive analysis of South African culture, principally for the perspective of doing business in that nation. Ultimately, the paper will point out the crucial points for US businesses to consider before committing toRead MoreEconomics Globalisation Essay3737 Words   |  15 PagesVILLAGE Globalisation is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Put in simple terms, globalization refers to processes that increase world-wide exchanges of national and cultural resources. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.† (Source: http://enRead MoreBusiness Project979 Words   |  4 Pagesglasses. It really seemed Winfrey was heading down a road of destruct ion until her mother sent her to live with her father in Nashville at the age of 14. Winfrey said that her father saved her life. He was very strict and provided her with guidance, structure, rules, and books. He required his daughter to complete weekly reports, and she went without dinner until she learned five new vocabulary words each day. She joined her school’s drama club and became a prize winning orator, winning a $1,000 collegeRead MoreCOM3702 Portfolio10930 Words   |  44 PagesMEDIA STUDIES PORTFOLIO STUDENT NUMBER: 35772085 SURNAME AND INITIAL: Moatshe, P MODULE CODE: COM3702 SUBMITION DATE: 7 October 2014 DECLARATION I, the undersigned, hereby declare that this is my own work and personal work, except where the work(s) or publications of others have been acknowledged by means of reference techniques. I have read and understood Tutorial Letter CMNALLE/301/2014 regarding technical and presentation requirements, referencing techniquesRead MoreSociology as a Perspective 1332 Words   |  6 PagesSociological imagination is based on the individual’s capability to be objective and understand the link between social structures, forces and agents. It enables people to understand that all social structures influence each other; therefore no social structure is independent and remains uninfluenced by the condition of other social institutes. For example the economic state of South Africa is affected by political decisions made by the government and members of the parliament. These decisions involve strategiesRead MoreCOM3705 PORTFOLIO5312 Words   |  22 PagesFACILITATING INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND GLOBAL ACTIVISM. (9) 5. WRITE A PUBLISHABLE ARTICLE IN WHICH YOU EXPLORE THE CONCEPT OF MEDIA IMPERIALISM. DISCUSS THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF MEDIA IMPERIALISM IN YOUR COUNTRY. LIMIT YOUR EXAMPLES TO ONE MEDIA INDUSTRY IN YOUR COUNTRY (FILM, NEWS, TELEVISION PROGRAMMING, BOOKS, MUSIC, INTERNET, ETC.). BECAUSE THIS IS AN ACADEMIC, IT SHOULD BE THEORETICALLY GROUNDED. CONCLUDE YOUR ARTICLE BY DEBATING WHETHER THE IDEAS AROUND MEDIA IMPERIALISM ARE STILL

Marketing Practices and Theory for Management-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Practices and Theory for Project Management. Answer: Introduction Marketing and management form crucial aspects of any organization. The purpose of any organization is to ensure maximum returns and satisfaction of stakeholders (Kotler, 2015). Therefore it is important for a business to understand the needs and demands of the stakeholders and tailor their products and services to suit these needs. This report throws light on Amazon Inc. and different criteria used by different stakeholders of Amazon to judge the companys effectiveness. Purpose of the organization Amazon is an Ecommerce giant and is built with the purpose of creating an online one stop shop to fulfill all the needs of their customers. Amazon has a wide range of products that are delivered to the customers doorstep in an effective manner (Smith Rupp, 2017). Amazon ties up with various retailers across the globe and has bridged the gap between these retailers and their customers by creating an online portal. Scope of operations Amazons scope of operations is very wide. The company has a different retail website for US, UK, France, Ireland, Canada, Italy, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, India, Australia, Japan, China, Mexico and Brazil. Amazon also offers international shipping to various other countries. The retailers associated with Amazon deal in a sundry variety of products including stationary items, clothing, shoes, home decoration, books and baby products. Besides retail store, Amazon also has a streaming channel Amazon Prime Video. Criteria to judge the organizations effectiveness I am a regular customer of Amazons retail store as well as a member of Amazon Video Prime. As a customer, I judge the effectiveness of the organization by the time taken for delivery of the ordered product, the availability of the product that I need and the quality of the product that I have ordered. In my opinion, Amazon is running a highly effective business. The mobile application is very user friendly and it is easy to search for items that I require. Their wide variety of products offered also makes it my first priority to buy from when I need any item. The orders get delivered on time and the delivery executives are well spoken and polite. The exchange, return and refund process of the business is also very effective. Overall, as a customer, I am very satisfied with the services offered by Amazon. Especially with a prime membership, the delivery is often quicker than stepping out of the house and buying a product. Criteria to judge the organizations effectiveness Stakeholder perspective Stakeholders of any business refer to all the people associated with the business including employees, government bodies, media personnel, owners, creditors and suppliers (Schnackenberg Tomlinson, 2016). For the success of any business it is important that the stakeholders of the organization are content and satisfied with the business. Two important stakeholders of Amazon are its employees and its suppliers. In this case, the suppliers would be the numerous retailers that Amazon is associated with. Stakeholder 1: Employees As an employee, the effectiveness of the organization would be based upon the salary offered by Amazon in comparison to other ecommerce firms as well as the working environment that the employees are subjected to. A positive working an environment where employees feel motivated to work will be considered an effective organization (Lazaroiu, 2015). It is important that along with their work, employees are able to manage a work life balance. Employees growth and development within the business also impacts their level of satisfaction with their work. Fair compensations, timely promotions, productive trainings, lucrative incentives and an overall positive working environment would define the effectiveness of the organization from the employees perspective (Albrecht Bakker, 2015). Stakeholder 2: Suppliers Retailers or suppliers associated with Amazon are also crucial stakeholders for Amazons business. Retailers would also judge the effectiveness of Amazon depending upon the business that they receive through Amazon. If a large part of their business comes from Amazon, they would consider Amazon as an effective organization. The amount of margin that Amazon earns from every product shipped to a customer through a retailer would also impact the effectiveness of the organization. Transparent communication between Amazon and the retailers would assist in ensuring better coordination and hence improve effectiveness of the firm (Christopher, 2016). Implications of developing a coherent approach to organizational effectiveness In order for Amazon adopts a coherent approach to organizational effectiveness, it would have to ensure that the employees, customers as well as retailers of the organization are entirely satisfied. This strategy would require the organization to continue to maintain best quality services for its customers, create a positive working environment for its employees and pay them better than the competitors, build and maintain productive and transparent relationships with their suppliers and lastly ensure that all of this is achieved without impacting the companys productivity. The implications of building such a strategy would be as below: Satisfied stakeholders would lead to increased business (Holloway, 2016). In order to sustain the effectiveness of the business, Amazon would have to hire more employees and open more subsidiaries. Satisfied stakeholders would also lead to an improved goodwill and position of the firm. Positioning refers to the image of the brand in the minds of its consumers (Wang Sengupta, 2016). Such a strategy would require Amazon to effectively manage its financials and ensure this is achieved at low cost. Amazon would be able to build loyal and long term relationships would be established with the Stakeholders. Conclusion Stakeholders of any business are pivotal to the success of that business. Therefore, it is vital that organizations ensure that their stakeholders are satisfied and continue to remain associated with them in the long run. This report throws light on the case of Amazon and three of its important stakeholders. These stakeholders are employees, customers and suppliers. Customers judge the effectiveness of the ecommerce giant on the basis of timely delivery and quality of the product ordered. Employees feel motivated to remain associated with Amazon based upon their working environment and compensations. Retailers require effective communication and improved business from the firm in order to build a long term relationship. Therefore Amazon could work upon a coherent strategy that would help in fulfilling the needs of these stakeholders. References Albrecht, S.L., Bakker, 2015. Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance,2(1), pp.7-35. Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Holloway, J., 2016. What stakeholder management should learn from sales and marketing?Further Advances in Project Management: Guided Exploration in Unfamiliar Landscapes, p.236. Kotler, P., 2015.Framework for marketing management. Pearson Education India. Lazaroiu, G., 2015. Employee motivation and job performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97. Schnackenberg, A.K. and Tomlinson, E.C., 2016. Organizational transparency: A new perspective on managing trust in organization-stakeholder relationships.Journal of Management,42(7), pp.1784-1810. Smith, A.D. and Rupp, W.T, 2017. Amazon.Com, Inc.: Retailing Giant to High-Tech Player? Wang, H.M.D. and Sengupta, S., 2016. Stakeholder relationships, brand equity, firm performance: A resource-based perspective.Journal of Business Research,69(12), pp.5561-5568.

Moderate Drinking Essays - Alcohol Abuse, Drinking Culture, Alcohol

Moderate Drinking Moderate Drinking Alcoholism is a serious subject that relates to everyone in our society. The question of whether alcoholism should be allowed or not, forms an argument whether alcohol if drank in moderation is good for recovery or not. Many people drink in moderation to control their drinking problems, but the counter argument says its addictive. Not only are they destroying their liver, but they are also taking a risk of getting in trouble by the law. There are a lot of issues that come up about drinking, but maybe these people can not stop one day to the next. It doesnt make them bad people if they are trying to quit by drinking in moderation. It seems that in our society, a person is either a social drinker or an alcoholic. Sometimes people drink to relieve anxiety over relationships, work, and money. There are a lot of risk factors that go with drinking alcohol such as anxiety, tension, erosion, vomiting, liver disease, and cessation of menses in women, but that is why there is such a thing as drinking in moderation. Drinking in moderation consists of no more than one drink a day for women and no more than two drinks a day for men. What is one drink? ? 1.5 ounces of distilled spirits (80 proof) ? 5 ounces of wine ? 12 ounces of regular beer As long as alcohol is consumed moderately, some of the disorders that are caused by drinking will be least likely to occur. When people seek help from traditional alcohol abuse treatment systems, they are immediately labeled as an alcoholic and told they must quit alcohol altogether. It is no wonder that many people continue to over drink. They are stuck between a treatment system that says, we are powerless victims of disease and incapable of changing behavior(Gilliam 17). Familiar with these belief and treatment systems, people do not seek help when they discover they have a problem with overdrinking. If people were offered a more moderate approach to their problem drinking, they would seek help earlier and have a better chance to moderate their drinking and avoid becoming an alcoholic. Most drinkers do not have a genetic predisposition for alcoholism. They develop a drinking problem in response to the ups and downs of daily life. Most drinkers suffer from years of alcohol abuse before they cross the line to alcoholism. If people drink light it can reduce stress and the risk of heart disease. Sensible alcohol consumption can factor into longer life expectancy. Moderate drinkers have also been shown to outlive heavy drinkers. On the other side of the argument, society complains that the legal alcohol consumption needs to be stopped. They complain without realizing the reason why people consume alcohol. The reasons behind consuming alcohol could be problems that the person is having in their life. The alcoholic wants to get over alcoholism but it just takes time. Doctors do not know the real reason why alcoholics drink. Studies indicate many people drink alcoholic beverages to escape from tensions, frustrations, and anxieties. Some people handle everyday tensions by developing psychological defenses. The alcoholic tolerance for daily stress is so low that he or she resorts to alcohol as a drug for relief. The alcoholic usually believes that only by drinking alcohol can he make his life bearable. Even though these reasons make the average alcoholic seem as a bad person, Doctor Boshes believes the individual who is an alcoholic has violent reactions when he cannot obtain the usual amounts of alcohol(Bender 66). This is the reason why drinking in moderation plays an important role to the end of alcoholism for an alcoholic. Amy Alcotts opinion is that alcoholism is a complex disorder for which a combination of treatments may be necessary for recovery. If the alcoholic is in the acute phase of alcoholism and is suffering from complications such as delirium tremens or serious health problems, hospitalization may be necessary. We can not make an alcoholic commit him or herself to recovery(Bender 89). Some therapists suggest that family members may influence the alcoholic by not supporting drinking activities, by seeking therapy for themselves, and by not joining in the alcoholics denial of the problem. Alcoholism is sometimes thought of as a